Turkish (Version 8.4)

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Context statement

The place of the Turkish language and culture in Australia and the world
Turkish is the official language of the Republic of Turkey and one of the official languages of Cyprus.
It originated many centuries ago in the Northern Siberian Altay Mountain Range.

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PDF documents

Resources and support materials for the Australian Curriculum: Languages - Turkish are available as PDF documents. 
Languages - Turkish: Sequence of content
Languages - Turkish: Sequence of Achievement - F-10 Sequence
Languages - Turkish: Sequence …

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Years 7 and 8

Years 7 and 8 Band Description

The nature of the learners

Students coming into this pathway are background learners of Turkish with varying degrees of proficiency in the language. All have family and community connections with the language and associated cultures, or with languages or dialects related to Turkish. Some may have recently arrived in Australia, may have completed the primary years of schooling in Turkish and may have established literacy as well as oracy skills in the language. Others will have participated in community language programs during these years and have some literacy capabilities. Others may have minimal experience of formal learning of Turkish, with no literacy proficiency and varying degrees of oral capabilities, depending on their home language environment. All students share the experience of belonging to worlds in which languages play a key role and diversity of language use is common. The curriculum takes into account the diversity of learners, ensuring that tasks and activities are flexible to cater for different language capabilities while being appropriately pitched to all learners’ cognitive and social levels.

Turkish language learning and use

Students use Turkish to interact with each other, the teacher and other speakers of the language, to access and exchange information, to express ideas and feelings, to compete and to cooperate in learning tasks and activities. They build vocabulary resources, grammatical knowledge and communicative capabilities such as active listening skills and interactional strategies through shared learning experiences that provide a context for purposeful language use and through focused learning episodes that develop understanding of language systems and an ability to use metalanguage. They use modelled and rehearsed language to compose and present different types of texts, for example, shared stories, media and hypermedia texts, songs, poems, reports or journal entries. They plan, draft and present imaginative and informative texts, design interactive events and participate in discussions. They make cross-curricular connections and explore intercultural perspectives and experiences. Learners use ICT to support their learning in increasingly independent and intentional ways, exchanging resources with each other and with learners in different contexts.

Contexts of interaction

Students interact primarily with each other and the teacher in class, with some access to broader Turkish-speaking networks in the school and local community. ICT resources, such as email, online chats or wikis, provide access to additional experiences of authentic communication, connecting learners’ social worlds with those of Turkish-speaking peers in other contexts. Learners have additional access to Turkish language experience through media, community events, websites, social media and radio streaming.

Texts and resources

Learners work with a range of texts designed for in-school learning of Turkish, such as textbooks, readers, literary texts, videos, online media resources and materials. They also access materials created for Turkish-speaking communities, such as songs, films, magazines and social media texts such as blogs and advertisements and websites. They interact with a range of texts created for different purposes, for example, informational, transactional, communicative, expressive and imaginative texts, and make connections between these text types in Turkish and the work they do around similar texts in the English learning area.

Features of Turkish language use

Learners recognise and use key elements of Turkish grammar, such as word order, positions of adjectives, adverbs and postpositions, and recognise how grammatical forms and functions are represented through agglutination. They apply the principles of vowel harmony, for example, when adding nominal case endings, -(e), -(i), -d(e), -d(e)n to nouns, such as ev-e, ev-i, ev-de, ev-den, ev-in. They understand and use simple verb tenses, using negation and affirmation and suffixes to form sentences, such as biliyorum/bilmiyorum, okur/okumaz, uyudu/uyumadı, geleceğim/gelmeyeceğim, gitmiş/gitmemiş. They use a range of adjectives, adverbs and postpositions to describe actions, places and people in their own texts, for example, mavi köşkte, Kısa saçlı biriydi, Çok dikkatli yürü, Dün sabah geldi ; and understand and use the conditional marker -s(e) and/or the word eğer in compound sentences, for example, Eğer kitap okursan hayal gücün gelişir. They develop their range of vocabulary to domains beyond their personal experience and interests, use and analyse grammatical forms and structures and develop awareness of how these shape textual features. They use descriptive and expressive language to create particular effects and engage interest. They develop language knowledge, processing strategies and understanding of text conventions and patterns to assist in comprehending unfamiliar texts. They make connections between texts and cultural contexts, identifying how values and perspectives are embedded in language and how language choices determine how people, issues and experiences are represented. They are aware of the nature of the relationship between languages and cultures, noticing, for example, how particular Turkish words or expressions ‘carry’ cultural values or experiences. They reflect on the nature of bicultural and multicultural experience, on how languages change in response to broader social and cultural shifts, and how they perceive their own identities as users of two or more languages in a multicultural society.

Level of support

Differentiated support is required for learners with different levels of oracy and literacy proficiency. All learners require opportunities to review and consolidate learning; different degrees of balance between consolidation work and provision of more challenging tasks ensure learners at different levels are catered for. Teachers provide scaffolding, modelling and material and resource support for the development of fluency and accuracy in spoken language and of grammatical and literacy capabilities. Learners are supported to develop autonomy as language learners and users, and to self-monitor and adjust language in response to their experience in different communicative contexts. They are encouraged to engage critically with resources such as websites and translating tools and other resources designed to strengthen their receptive and productive language use.

The role of English

Learners are encouraged to use Turkish whenever possible. English is used when appropriate for discussion, explanation, comparison and reflection, for example, when considering the nature and relationship of language and culture or in tasks which involve bilingual work that includes comparison and analysis of Turkish and English. The process of moving between and using both languages consolidates learners’ already established sense of what it means to be bilingual or multilingual and provides opportunities for reflection on the experience of living interculturally in intersecting language communities.


Years 7 and 8 Content Descriptions

Socialising

Interact with peers and teacher to socialise, exchange information and opinions, talk about personal worlds

[Key concepts: self, family, leisure, preferences; Key processes: interacting, exchanging information, describing] (ACLTUC086 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • using simple greetings relevant to the time of day, context or relationship, for example, Merhaba! Günaydın! Tünaydın! İyi günler! İyi akşamlar! İyi geceler! Hoşça kal! Güle güle! Hoş geldiniz! Hoş bulduk!, noticing differences between how they greet different people, such as teachers or family members, for example, Merhaba Ayşe! Nasılsın? Günaydın öğretmenim! Siz nasılsınız?
  • offering and responding to general wishes such as Afiyet olsun! Elinize sağlık! Teşekkür ederim. Bir şey deği! Çok yaşa! Sen de gör! and to wishes associated with significant events in their community such as Bayramınız kutlu olsun! Mutluluklar dilerim. Kınan kutlu olsun!
  • composing written or digital texts, such as emails, cards, letters or text messages, to invite, congratulate or thank someone, for example, Lütfen buyurun! Davetlisiniz. Gözün aydın! Güle güle oturun! Hayırlı ve uğurlu olsun! Tebrikler! Teşekkür ederim
  • describing and comparing accounts of social activities or special community celebrations or events, for example, Cumhuriyet Bayraminda ben şiir okudum, Ramazan Bayramında dedem bana harçlık verdi
  • talking about themselves and their families and expressing likes, dislikes and preferences, for example, Arkadaşlarımla sinemaya gitmeyi severim, Suyu gazoza tercih ederim
  • participating in online exchanges with sister schools in Turkey or other Turkish-speaking contexts, asking and answering questions about studies, interests and daily routines, for example, Kaçıncı sınıftasın? En sevdiğin ders hangisi? Okuldan sonra futbol oynuyorum, Akşamları saat onda yatıyorum, Cumartesileri bağlama kursuna gidiyorum
  • describing and comparing with others aspects of their cultural and communicative worlds, including the use of different languages at home, at school and in their social lives, and their involvement in different activities, for example, aile yaşamı, düğünler, spor, bayramlar, misafirperverlik
Plan and participate in collaborative activities such as performances, displays and events which involve planning, transacting and negotiating

[Key concepts: interaction, collaboration, negotiation; Key processes: planning, negotiating, responding, creating] (ACLTUC087 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • participating in group activities such as surveys or interviews which involve asking and responding to questions and collecting data about individual preferences, attitudes and lifestyles, for example, Haftada kaç kez (spor) yapıyorsun? (Nesli tükenmekte olan hayvanlar) hakkında ne düşünüyorsun?
  • engaging in shared planning, creating and negotiating, for example, designing displays or resources, such as timelines, schedules, posters or appeals for a fundraiser
  • planning for an upcoming event, such as a visit of a Turkish-speaking guest to the classroom, for example, by developing an interview schedule using questions such as Lütfen kendinizi bize tanıtır mısınız? … hakkında ne düşünüyorsunuz? Ne zaman … yapmaya başladınız?
  • creating presentations, performances or interactive experiences to encourage others to either learn Turkish or to use their existing language in different domains
  • negotiating real or simulated online or face-to-face transactions that involve discussion of issues such as value, price, availability, for example, by raising questions such as kaça aldın? Aa, çok ucuzmuş, … dün aynısını daha pahalıya aldı
  • planning and participating in activities that combine linguistic and cultural elements, such as an excursion to a Turkish exhibition, film festival, performance, restaurant or community event, for example, Ne zaman gideceğiz? Saat onda, … da buluşalım, Neler getirelim?, Üniforma giymeyelim, Önce (biletimizi alalım). Sonra (sinemaya gidelim)
Interact in classroom routines and exchanges, such as asking and responding to questions, requesting help, repetition or permission, giving praise or encouragement

[Key concepts: discussion, clarification, feedback; Key processes: questioning, suggesting, responding] (ACLTUC088 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • interacting during group activities by asking each other questions, making suggestions or checking on progress, for example, Ben ne yapabilirim? Sen not alır mısın? Bu sayfayı mı okuyacaktık? Cevapları maddeler halinde yazsak daha iyi olur. Ne dersiniz?
  • praising or encouraging each other, for example, çok güzel, aferin, harika, tebrikler, başarılarının devamını dilerim, seninle gurur duyuyorum
  • using appropriate language to seek clarification, to attract attention or to ask for something to be repeated, for example, Sence bu doğru mu? Tekrar eder misiniz? Arkadaşlar bakar mısınız? Bunu nasıl yapacağız?
  • using evaluative language to reflect on learning activities, for example, … başardık, … konularda zorlandık, … bu çalışmada … öğrendik
  • identifying and discussing Turkish idioms or proverbs that could be applied to their experience of learning languages in school, for example, Bir lisan, bir insan, Bir elin nesi var, iki elin sesi var

Informing

Identify key points of information such as details about people, places or events in a range of spoken, written and digital texts and use the information in new ways

[Key concepts: data, information, experience; Key processes: researching, recording, reporting] (ACLTUC089 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • reading/viewing texts such as promotional materials, websites and maps to compile information about geographical features, lifestyles and cultural practices in Turkey or other Turkish-speaking countries, using the information to create a shared database to support their own projects
  • gathering information about people or events recently featured in media reports and using this information to create timelines, digital profiles, diary entries or schedules that re-present key points of interest
  • listening for key facts in short spoken or recorded texts, such as phone messages, announcements or TV advertisements, and transposing them to note form in order to communicate to others
  • identifying points of information in media texts such as sports commentaries, weather reports or newsflash items, using them to create messages or announcements to other people, for example, notifying the cancellation of an event due to a bad weather forecast or summarising sports results
  • classifying and summarising data collected via class surveys on issues such as study options, music preferences or favourite foods, presenting findings in table or graph form
  • compiling details of their family biographies through talking with family members, presenting key elements in oral or digital presentation modes
  • compiling facts, statistics and commentaries from sources such as websites, documentaries, travel brochures and magazine articles on famous sites, such as Kapadokya, Pamukkale, Kapalıçarşı, Ayasofya, Galata Kulesi
Convey information, obtained from personal, community and media sources relating to their own cultural, social and environmental contexts, using spoken, written and digital modes of communication

[Key concepts: experience, lifestyle, culture, diversity; Key processes: creating, presenting] (ACLTUC090 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Histories and Cultures
  • creating a video, digital presentation, web post or print newsletter to report on a recent experience, such as a visit to a Turkish retirement village or to Turkish shops, markets or venues in their local community
  • using different modes of presentation such as displays or recorded commentaries to visual texts to profile events, characters or places related to Turkish culture, history or experience, such as Gelibolu ve Anzaklar, Atatürk, Göç
  • creating multimedia presentations to invite reflection on aspects of environmental or ecological concerns, for example, çevre kirliliği, geri dönüşüm, nesli tükenen hayvanlar
  • providing information on aspects of their own lives that may interest learners in other Turkish-speaking environments, for example, spor, okul kampları veya gezileri, konserler, festivaller, düğünler, tatil gezileri, supporting their commentaries with sound or visual elements
  • using modes of presentation such as photo montages, written journals or recorded interviews to inform members of their extended family overseas about their social and educational experience in Australia
  • presenting an aspect of Australian culture, for example, multicultural or traditional cuisine, daily life and routines in urban/rural settings, significant places or cultural practices associated with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, highlighting elements that reflect the diversity of Australian experience

Creating

Engage with imaginative and creative texts such as stories, cartoons, poems and songs, identifying favourite elements and discussing events, characters and messages

[Key concepts: imagination, creativity, character, narrative, representation; Key processes: responding, creating, analysing, reviewing; Key text types: poetry, folktales, story, song] (ACLTUC091 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • listening to, reading and viewing imaginative texts such as folktales, shadow puppetry or short stories, such as Karagöz ve Hacıvat, Kaşağı, Falaka, demonstrating understanding of plot, sequence and characters, for example, by retelling or re-enacting events in their own words or by creating a timeline
  • creating digital profiles of characters they enjoy in fictional and imaginative texts, providing physical and character descriptions and examples of their style of communicating and behaving
  • sharing responses to songs, stories, poems or television programs, providing both positive and negative critique, such as …beni… çok etkiledi çünkü …, Çok komikti, çok sürükleyiciydi, akıcıydı, dili anlaşılırdı,biraz uzundu. Sıkıcıydı, Karmaşıktı, Çok üzücüydü, Anlaşılması zordu
  • identifying key messages in traditional texts such as Nasreddin Hoca fıkraları, Keloğlan, discussing their relevance to contemporary times and contexts
  • considering how humour is expressed in culturally specific ways and whether it ‘travels’ successfully across languages, for example, by comparing favourite jokes, cartoons or amusing stories in Turkish and English
  • recognising the many different ways a story can be told, for example, through Türk halıları ve kilimleri, discussing the uniqueness of symbols, colours, stories and feelings represented in carpets and rugs from different regions
Reinterpret or create texts that involve imagination and creativity, experimenting with a range of expressive and performance genres

[Key concepts: humour, suspense, character, dramatisation; Key processes: composing, creating, performing; Key text types: stories, cartoons, songs, role plays, speeches] (ACLTUC092 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • creating texts such as photo stories, plays, cartoons, comic strips, animations or video clips with voiceovers or subtitles, experimenting with elements such as humour, pathos or suspense
  • composing songs, jingles, posters or video clips to promote real or imaginary Australian products for a Turkish market
  • rehearsing and performing interpretations of poems or choral recitations for a public performance or verse speaking competition
  • creating a new event, character or alternative ending for a familiar text such as Keloğlan, Hacıvat ve Karagöz
  • performing unscripted scenarios that involve challenging situations or intercultural encounters, using gestures, expression and props to build mood and explore relationships and emotions
  • composing and performing a song or assuming the character of a figure associated with a significant contemporary celebration or event in Australia or the Turkish-speaking world, for example, Cumhuriyet Bayramı, Atatürk’ü Anma Gençlik ve Spor Bayramı, Çanakkale Şehitlerini Anma Günü, dini bayramlar

Translating

Translate and interpret familiar texts such as public signs, song titles or menus from Turkish to English and vice versa, noticing which words or phrases translate easily and which do not

[Key concepts: equivalence, meaning, translation, interpretation; Key processes: translating, explaining, evaluating] (ACLTUC093 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • translating public signs and notices, comparing each other’s versions and considering reasons for differences in how they transferred meaning from one language to the other
  • recognising when literal translation is not possible and discussing reasons for equivalence or non-equivalence in the case of idiomatic expressions such as samanlıkta iğne aramak, kulak misafiri olmak davulun sesi uzaktan hoş gelir, armut dalının dibine düşer
  • identifying and translating words and expressions that reference cultural values or histories and are difficult to translate into English, for example, başınız sağ olsun, sıhhatler olsun, imece, hayırlı olsun, nazar değmesin
  • evaluating the effectiveness of bilingual dictionaries and electronic translation tools, identifying issues such as alternative or multiple meanings of words and the importance of context to meaning
  • translating and interpreting familiar social interactions, such as emails, phone conversations or greetings on special occasions, noticing similarities and differences between Turkish and English language versions
  • interpreting words and expressions from popular Turkish language poems or song titles/lyrics that do not translate easily into English and that reflect aspects of Turkish culture
  • examining literal translations of everyday interactions in different domains of language use, such as school, home or special interest activities, identifying culturally significant concepts reflected in expressions such as ellerinize sağlık, afiyet olsun, used after meals, yine bekleriz, in a restaurant, or in language used for apologising or excusing, kusura bakma, yazıklar olsun
Create shared bilingual texts and learning resources such as word banks, glossaries, displays and digital presentations

[Key concepts: language codes, meaning, equivalence; Key processes: creating, interpreting, exemplifying, explaining] (ACLTUC094 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • creating bilingual signs or menus for the school or local environment, for example, kütüphane/library, revir/sickbay, hastahane/hospital, doktor/doctor, preparing bilingual captions for texts such as digital presentations or photographic displays for the school or local Turkish-speaking community, discussing how to convey particular concepts in the two languages
  • creating bilingual resources to support their language learning, such as glossaries for personal Turkish–English dictionaries, with examples and explanations of terms that have cultural associations and do not readily translate from one language to the other
  • designing a flyer for a class event or performance which uses Turkish and English, considering how to convey information and ideas in each language
  • developing bilingual instructional texts or directions that cater for Turkish- and English-speaking friends, family members or participants, for example, computer game instructions or information for an extended-family event
  • creating a short bilingual documentary about a local community event or locale, with narration in one language and subtitles in the other
  • creating menus or programs for Turkish-themed events, with key items/information in Turkish and explanatory footnotes/glossaries in English

Reflecting

Consider similarities and differences in ways of communicating in Turkish and English, noticing how/when they choose to use either language or both languages

[Key concepts: language domains, code-switching, generation, expression; Key processes: comparing, identifying, monitoring, analysing] (ACLTUC095 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • identifying instances when they switch between or mix Turkish and English, considering why they do this in particular situations or interactions, comparing their observations with those of their peers
  • reflecting on the experience of using Turkish and English with a particular person, such as a parent or older relative, noticing which topics or interactions fit more easily into one language than the other and considering reasons for this
  • reflecting on experiences of feeling either comfortable or uncomfortable when switching between languages, explaining why this might have been the case, for example, when translating for parents or other family members or interpreting for visitors
  • considering how and why they adjust their ways of using Turkish or English when interacting with older people, friends of the same or different gender, people in authority, small children or close friends, for example, using different forms of address or ways of showing respect or affection
  • discussing whether they feel different when using Turkish in the classroom to how they feel when using it at home, for example, using standardised forms of Turkish in school
  • reflecting on ways in which different languages provide alternative ways of thinking or speaking about ideas or experiences
Consider the nature of identity and of cultural experience, reflecting on how their linguistic and cultural background contributes to their sense of identity

[Key concepts: identity, multiculturalism, code-switching, communication; Key processes: reflecting, discussing, comparing] (ACLTUC096 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • discussing the nature of identity, including the fact that it is dynamic, changing and involves values and beliefs as well as practices and behaviours
  • reflecting on how their own identity is shaped by and also reflects the experience of living in a multicultural society, using more than one language and identifying with particular language communities
  • considering ways in which different languages offer different ways of thinking about experience, or of ‘reading’ the world; how these different standpoints influence the way meaning is made and how people think about themselves and others
  • discussing how Turkish and Australian cultural influences are reflected in their daily lives, interests, social activities and ways of thinking
  • reflecting on the relationship between language, culture and identity, for example, by identifying experiences that feel different when interacting in Turkish or in English
  • discussing whether their sense of identity changes over time, taking into account changes in language use at home, in school or in the wider and virtual community

Systems of language

Understand the relationship between the sounds, rhythms, stress and intonation patterns of spoken Turkish, and recognise elements of the written language, such as spelling patterns, agglutination, vowel harmony and symbols

[Key concepts: pronunciation, intonation, vowel harmony, agglutination; Key processes: listening, distinguishing, recognising, applying] (ACLTUU097 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • identifying and using the sounds and spelling of letters ı-i, o-ö, u-ü, ş, ç, ğ in spoken and written Turkish
  • recognising the use of yumuşak g (soft g) ğ only in the middle and end of words
  • recognising different stress, intonation patterns and rhythms, as in statements, questions or exclamations, and understanding how these affect meaning, for example, kapı açık kaldı, inanmıyorum, gerçekten mi, onun yalanlarına inanmıyorum, bana eposta yazdı, Türkiye’ye gittiğimde yazdı
  • recognising spelling patterns such as softening p, ç, t, k before suffixes starting with a vowel, and understanding how these affect meaning, for example, kitap-kitabı, ağaç-ağacı, kağıt-kağıdı, kapak-kapağı
  • learning about the pronunciation of long and short vowels with and without the accent and understanding how the length of the vowel and the accent can change the meaning of words, as in murâdına-Murat and hala-hâlâ, and palatalise the previous consonant, as in kar-kâr
  • applying principles of vowel harmony, sound assimilation of consonants and grammatical knowledge to spelling and writing unfamiliar words, for example, suffixes such as -cı, kapkaç çı, banka , yol cu, odun cu, sound assimilation such as sokak+- d a = sokak t a, süt+- d e = süt t e, kebap+- c ı = kebap ç ı, simit+- c i = simit ç i
Recognise and use key elements of Turkish grammar, such as word order, positions of adjectives, adverbs and postpositions and sentence structures, recognising how grammatical forms and functions are represented through agglutination

[Key concepts: grammar, sentence structure, agglutination; Key processes: understanding, recognising, applying] (ACLTUU098 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • understanding and responding to instructions by learning the subject–object–verb word order in simple and complex statements, imperatives and questions, such as Ali topu attı, Ali topu al ve at! and Ali topu Tarkan dan sonra bana atar mısın?
  • learning the conditions that apply to the use of familiar and formal second person singular forms -n and -n(ı)z, for example, yemeğin hazır, yemeğiniz hazır and second person pronouns, sen and siz as well as different honorifics, such as Teyze/Amca, Hanım/Bey, as in Serren Teyze and Doktor Hanım
  • using a range of common interrogative word endings and pronouns, for example, Haftada kaç kez … yapıyorsun? … hakkında ne düşünüyorsun? Lütfen kendinizi bize tanıtır mısınız? Bu sayfayı mı okuyacaktık? Bunu nasıl yapacağız? Tekrar eder misiniz?
  • recognising and using a range of common compounds such as çevre kirliliği, geri dönüşüm, Türk halıları in different sentences
  • recognising common idiomatic expressions and proverbs, for example, samanlıkta iğne aramak, kulak misafiri olmak, Bir lisan, bir insan, Bir elin nesi var, iki elin sesi var
  • recognising passive voice endings in simple instructions, for example, mektuba hitap ile başlanır, elektronik mesajda kısaltmalar kullanılır
  • applying the rule of great vowel harmony when adding nominal case endings -(e), -(i), -d(e), -d(e)n to different nouns, such as ev-e, ev-i, ev-de, ev-den
  • understanding and recognising simple verb tenses, using negation and affirmation and suffixes to form simple and compound sentences, for example, biliyorum/bilmiyorum, okur/okumaz, uyudu/uyumadı, geleceğim/gelmeyeceğim, gitmiş/gitmemiş
  • recognising and using appropriate endings and sentence structures for subject–verb agreement in simple and compound sentences, for example, Taylan yemeğini yedi, Defne yemekten sonra ödevini yaptı ve uyudu
  • recognising and using verbal conjugations and nominal declensions through common noun- and adjective-forming suffixes, such as -(a)l as in san-al, -(a)y as in dene-y, -(a)k as in sol-ak and kur-ak, -(c)a as in çocuk-ça, binler-ce, İngiliz-ce, güzel-ce, -(d)aş / (d)eş as in kar-deş, -(h)ane as in hasta-hane -(ç)ı as in kebap ç ı, simit ç i, eskici
  • using a range of adjectives, adverbs and postpositions to describe actions, places and people, for example, mavi köşkte, Kısa saçlı biriydi, Çok dikkatli yürü, Dün sabah geldi, learning the correct written form of suffixes, for example, using the written form geleceğim and alacaksın instead of the spoken and colloquial use of predicates gelcem, alcan; using the correct spelling geliyorum instead of geliyom
  • building metalanguage to talk about grammar, using terms such as bağlaçlar, özne ve yüklem uyumu, -de/-da ekler, ilgi zamiri -ki, edatlar
  • understanding and using the conditional marker -s(e) and/or the word eğer in compound sentences, for example, Eğer kitap okursan hayal gücün gelişir
Identify features that characterise different types of texts in Turkish, comparing them with similar texts in English

[Key concepts: genre, language features, register; Key processes: noticing, analysing, comparing] (ACLTUU099 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • comparing features of different types of texts encountered in and out of school, considering differences in structure, layout, language features and register; for example, the use of imperatives and instructional language in recipes or directions; expressive language and rhythm in poetry or song lyrics; the use of abbreviations and emoticons in text messaging
  • identifying characteristic elements of texts associated with national, religious or cultural events, such as festivals or weddings, for example, formulaic and respectful language such as bayramınız kutlu olsun, Allah analı babalı büyütsün, Allah mesut etsin, Allah kavuştursun, comparing with typical elements or features of equivalent texts in English
  • identifying differences between spoken and written forms of familiar text types, such as invitations, apologies or greetings, noticing variations in grammar, structure and cohesion, for example, sizleri de aramızda görmekten mutluluk duyarız, mutlaka gelin, affınızı rica ederim, çok üzgünüm
  • comparing features of texts that share a purpose but use different modes of communication, for example, by explaining how and why a text message is different to a phone call, or a puppet show to a written story
  • recognising conventions relating to structure and composition in Turkish poetry, for example, by identifying patterns of rhythm, rhyme, repetition and meter in poems by Orhan Veli Kanık, Yunus Emre
  • selecting excerpts of favourite comedy routines or cartoons to demonstrate how creative and performative texts use imagery, satire and expression to create mood, tap into emotions and engage and entertain an audience
  • developing metalanguage to talk about texts, for example, by referring to textual elements such as structure, mood, register, and by identifying features of text types, for example, mektuba hitap ile başlanır, elektronik mesajda kısaltmalar kullanılır

Language variation and change

Understand that Turkish language use varies according to factors such as age, gender, social position or regional variation

[Key concepts: variation, context, register, relationship; Key processes: noticing, identifying, comparing, explaining] (ACLTUU100 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • understanding that language is used differently to reflect levels of politeness and formality, for example, the use of the pronoun siz instead of sen and the second plural indicator -iz; the use of professional titles or honorifics with elders and strangers, instead of their names, Serren Teyze/Serren Hanım gelir misiniz lütfen? compared with Mustafa gelir misin lütfen? Melek gelsene! Hazel buraya gel! Doktor Hanım, Müdür Bey
  • comparing features of standard Turkish and regional varieties used in Turkey and elsewhere in the world, understanding that these variations involve accents, dialects and vocabulary, for example, the word geliyorum is gelirem (Azerbaijan) gelikene (Western Thrace), celiyrum/geliyem/geliyom (Black Sea/South East Anatolian Region/North Cyprus)
  • analysing samples of language used in the media, for example, haber programları, çocuk ve gençlik programları and Türk dizileri, to identify the influence of factors such as age, gender, social position and regional variation on language use and text composition
  • collecting and comparing language samples that show how people vary their language based on relationships, context, status and background, for example, by comparing language used by teachers in the classroom with that of students in the playground, or politicians’ speeches with storytelling in a playgroup
  • analysing language used in social interactions such as greetings, apologies, farewells and good wishes in relation to social relationships, age or backgrounds of speakers, for example, Şeref verdiniz efendim buyrun, Merhaba Leman Teyze, nasılsın? Selam Zeynep, Ne haber Suzan? Hoşça kal, Allahaısmarladık, Yine görüşmek dileğiyle
  • identifying and explaining protocols associated with the use of body language and gestures that reflect cultural values or traditions in Turkish-speaking interactions, such as kissing hands, avoiding crossing of the legs or placing hands in pockets
Recognise that the Turkish language has evolved and developed through different periods of time, across different contexts and as a result of different influences and interactions, and that it is related to many other languages and has influenced other languages used in the Australian community

[Key concepts: language change, language contact, loan words, globalisation; Key processes: investigating, identifying, classifying] (ACLTUU101 - Scootle )

  • Intercultural Understanding
  • Asia and Australia’s Engagement with Asia
  • understanding that all languages, including Turkish, change over time, that some grow, adding new words and borrowing from other languages, as in the case of both Turkish and Australian English, while others are no longer spoken (often referred to as ‘sleeping’ by owners) as in the case of many Indigenous languages of Australia and North America
  • investigating the influence of different languages on Turkish through different periods, such as Persian and Arabic after the adoption of the religion of Islam, and of French during the 19th century following reforms in the Ottoman Empire
  • understanding reasons for historical developments and reforms in relation to the Turkish language, such as changes implemented under the leadership of Atatürk, for example, changing the script from the Arabic to the Latin alphabet in 1928
  • understanding that Turkish culture and language constantly change due to contact with other cultures and languages and in response to developments in communications, popular culture and technology, for example, through the adoption and adaptation of new words and expressions, such as e-posta, yazıcı, tarayıcı, genel ağ, fare, tıklamak, sanal âlemde gezmek, sanal gerçek
  • recognising connections between language families and individual languages, for example, between Turkish and languages such as Azeri
  • identifying examples of Turkish word-borrowings from other languages, noticing groups of words or expressions in particular categories or areas of interest, such as food, music and sport, for example, hamburger, nota, gitar and Avustralya futbolu
  • recognising the influence of Turkish on English, for example, by identifying words commonly used in Australian English, such as yoghurt (yoğurt), coffee (kahve), horde (ordu), kiosk (köşk), kebab (kebap), turquoise (turkuaz);
  • classifying loan words from English used in Turkish in terms of domains of language use, for example, technological words such as, televizyon, radyo, internet, video, cd

Role of language and culture

Understand the relationship between language and culture, reflecting on how language reflects personal and community experience and values, and may be differently interpreted by speakers of other languages

[Key concepts :culture, language, meaning, interdependence, perspective; Key processes: analysing, identifying, reflecting, making connections] (ACLTUU102 - Scootle )

  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Ethical Understanding
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • discussing how values, such as politeness, affection or respect, are conveyed in Turkish, for example, by comparing interactions in their family with interactions they observe in non-Turkish speaking families, for example, the use of terms of affection, such as güzelim, hayatım, kuzum, canım, or terms of politeness, such as lütfen, rica ederim
  • understanding that people respond to intercultural experiences in different ways depending on their own cultural perspectives and recognising the validity of different perspectives and questioning notions of ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ ideas
  • identifying interaction patterns around familiar routines, such as meal times or welcoming guests, which reflect cultural values associated with family life and social relationships, for example, Afiyet olsun!, Elinize sağlık! Buyurun! Hoş geldiniz! Hoşça kal! Güle güle!
  • drawing on their own experience of using Turkish, English and other languages in different contexts to consider how language can be both empowering and disempowering and inclusive and exclusive, for example, the use of expressions such as Sen benim kim olduğumu biliyor musun?
  • noticing how choice of language when communicating with different people, such as forms of address, choice of adjectives, nouns or pronouns, reflects relationships, attitudes and values
  • experimenting with ‘reading between the lines’ of unfamiliar texts, such as an editorial, news report or advertisement, to identify cultural references, values or perspectives that reflect the intention of the text and the context in which it was produced
  • identifying changes in contemporary ways of communicating in Turkish that reflect changes in cultural and social practices, for example, Hayırlı sabahlar/günaydın, sohbet etmek/iki lafin belini kırmak

Years 7 and 8 Achievement Standards

By the end of Year 8, students interact with the teacher and peers to exchange information and express opinions, for example, Arkadaşlarımla sinemaya gitmeyi severim. They use descriptive and expressive language to share feelings and to express preferences such as Suyu gazoza tercih ederim. Students use action-related and rehearsed language to engage in shared activities that involve planning, collaborating, transacting and negotiating, for example, Haftada kaç kez … yapıyorsun? … hakkında ne düşünüyorsun? They interact in classroom routines and exchanges by asking and responding to questions, for example, Ben ne yapabilirim? Sen not alır mısın?, requesting help or permission, for example, Sence bu doğru mu? Tekrar eder misiniz? Arkadaşlar bakar mısınız? Bunu nasıl yapacağız? and giving praise or encouragement, such as çok güzel, aferin, harika, tebrikler, başarılarının devamını dilerim, seninle gurur duyuyorum. When interacting, they use the features of the sound system to their pronunciation of Turkish, including applying stress, rhythm and intonation patterns to statements, for example, kapı açık kaldı, inanmıyorum, and questions, for example, gerçekten mi? Students locate key points of information from a range of spoken, written and visual texts, and present information related to social, cultural and environmental contexts using different modes of presentation. They share their responses to different imaginative texts by identifying and comparing favourite elements and discussing events, characters and messages, for example, beni… çok etkiledi çünkü …, Çok komikti çok sürükleyiciydi, akıcıydı, dili anlaşılırdı, biraz uzundu. Sıkıcıydı, karmaşıktı… Çok üzücüydü, Anlaşılması zordu. Students use imaginative language to create original or adapt familiar imaginative texts in different genres. They use key elements of Turkish grammar in spoken and written texts, such as basic rules of word order, for example, Ali topu attı, Ali topu al ve at! and Ali topu Tarkan dan sonra bana atar mısın?, adjectives, for example, mavi köşkte adverbs, for example, çok dikkatli yürü, postpositions, for example, dün sabah geldi, verb tenses and subject–verb agreement, for example, Defne yemekten sonra ödevini yaptı ve uyudu. They apply rules of agglutination to verbs, for example, bilmiyorum/biliyorum, okur/okumaz, uyudu/uyumadı, geleceğim/gelmeyeceğim, gitmiş/gitmemiş, and nouns, for example, ev-e, ev-i, ev-de, ev-den, kebapçı, simitçi. They translate and interpret familiar texts from Turkish into English and vice versa, identifying words and phrases that are not easily translated, such as imece, hayırlı olsun, nazar değmesin, and create shared bilingual texts to support their own learning. They compare ways of communicating in Turkish and English and explain how being bilingual influences their cultural identity and ways of communicating.

Students apply elements of the Turkish writing system to write and spell unfamiliar words, including symbols and characters, for example, hala-hâlâ, kar-kâr, kitap-kitabı, ağaç-ağacı, vowel harmony and sound assimilation of consonants. They identify how grammatical forms and functions are represented through agglutination. They identify the characteristic features of different types of texts and compare these features with texts in English to identify similarities and differences. They describe how language use varies according to age, gender, social position or region. Students provide examples of how the Turkish language has changed over time due to different influences and interactions, identifying Turkish words that have emerged through contact with other languages, for example, e-posta, yazıcı, tarayıcı, genel ağ, fare, tıklamak, sanal âlemde gezmek, sanal gerçek. They identify the relationship between language and culture and describe how languages reflect personal and community experience and values.