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Elaboration (1) ACHASSK165

discussing the evolving nature of the evidence in this period, which shows increasingly sophisticated forms of technology (for example, the transition from making tools out of stone, bone and wood to metalworking)

Elaboration (2) ACHASSK165

identifying sources of evidence for the emergence of organised states (for example, the Cuneiform script phonetic writing of the Sumerians c.3500 BCE; the ancient law code of Hammurabi clay tablets from ancient Babylon c.1790 BCE; artefacts found in …

Elaboration ACHASSK166

exploring why the shift from hunting and foraging to cultivation (and the domestication of animals) led to the development of permanent settlements and changed relationships to the environment

Elaboration (1) ACHASSK166

identifying the major civilisations of the ancient world (namely Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, Greece, Rome, India, China and the Maya); where and when they existed, and the evidence for contact between them

Elaboration (2) ACHASSK166

locating the major civilisations of the ancient world on a world map and using a timeline to identify the longevity of each ancient civilisation

Elaboration (3) ACHASSK166

identifying the major religions/philosophies that emerged by the end of the period (Hinduism, Judaism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Christianity, Islam) and their key beliefs (through group work)

Elaboration ACHASSK167

identifying different approaches to historical investigation (such as the use of excavation and stratigraphy, oral history and use of data derived from radiocarbon dating)

Elaboration ACHASSK168

listing a range of sources (both archaeological and written) required in a historical investigation to develop a response to the question(s) being asked

Elaboration ACHASSK169

evaluating various methods for investigating the ancient past (for example, stratigraphy to date discoveries; DNA testing to identify past individuals from their remains (such as Egyptian mummies) as well as common diseases)

Elaboration (1) ACHASSK169

using a cross-sectional drawing of the earth’s surface from an archaeological excavation to identify the evidence located at various layers (stratigraphy) and what it reveals about change over time (for example, a charcoal layer containing human remains …

Elaboration ACHASSK170

investigating the discovery of Mungo Woman in 1969 and the use of radiocarbon dating to draw conclusions about the longevity of human occupation at Lake Mungo

Elaboration (1) ACHASSK170

generating a range of questions to investigate a source (for example, a shell midden in ancient Australia – where it was found, how long it was used for, what it reveals about technology and the use of environmental resources)

Elaboration ACHASSK171

investigating world heritage criteria for the listing of significant ancient sites, using an example of an ancient site such as Pompeii

Elaboration (1) ACHASSK171

explaining the UNESCO-led rescue mission to save the temples of Abu Simbel

Elaboration ACHASSK172

describing the importance of the River Nile to Egyptian society (for example, inundation and farming; the worship of Hapi, god of the Nile; and the use of the Nile as a means of transportation)

Elaboration (1) ACHASSK172

creating a graphic representation of the social structure of Egyptian society

Elaboration (2) ACHASSK172

describing the impact of the sea and mountain ranges of Ancient Greece on the development of self-governing city-states

Elaboration (3) ACHASSK172

describing the importance of the River Tiber to ancient Roman society and the methods Romans used to manage resources (for example, the water supply through aqueducts and plumbing systems)

Elaboration ACHASSK173

outlining the rights of women in ancient Egyptian society (for example, in the areas of marriage, family life, work and education) and their responsibilities (that is, generally limited to the home and family)

Elaboration (1) ACHASSK173

examining evidence of the social structure of Athenian or Spartan society (for example, the roles of citizens, women and slaves in Athenian society and the roles of Spartiates, Perioikoi and Helots in Spartan society)

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